/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999 - 2005 NetGroup, Politecnico di Torino (Italy)
 * Copyright (c) 2005 - 2006 CACE Technologies, Davis (California)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the Politecnico di Torino, CACE Technologies 
 * nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote 
 * products derived from this software without specific prior written 
 * permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

#include "pcap.h"

/* 4字节的IP地址 */
typedef struct ip_address{
    u_char byte1;
    u_char byte2;
    u_char byte3;
    u_char byte4;
}ip_address;

/* IPv4 首部 */
typedef struct ip_header{
    u_char  ver_ihl;        // 版本 (4 bits) + 首部长度 (4 bits)
    u_char  tos;            // 服务类型(Type of service) 
    u_short tlen;           // 总长(Total length) 
    u_short identification; // 标识(Identification)
    u_short flags_fo;       // 标志位(Flags) (3 bits) + 段偏移量(Fragment offset) (13 bits)
    u_char  ttl;            // 存活时间(Time to live)
    u_char  proto;          // 协议(Protocol)
    u_short crc;            // 首部校验和(Header checksum)
    ip_address  saddr;      // 源地址(Source address)
    ip_address  daddr;      // 目的地址(Destination address)
    u_int   op_pad;         // 选项与填充(Option + Padding)
}ip_header;

/* UDP header*/
typedef struct udp_header{
    u_short sport;          // 源端口(Source port)
    u_short dport;          // 目的端口(Destination port)
    u_short len;            // UDP数据包长度(Datagram length)
    u_short crc;            // 校验和(Checksum)
}udp_header;

/* 回调函数原型 */
void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data);


int main()
{
pcap_if_t *alldevs;
pcap_if_t *d;
int inum;
int i=0;
pcap_t *adhandle;
char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
u_int netmask;
char packet_filter[] = "ip and udp";
struct bpf_program fcode;

    /* 获得设备列表 */
    if (pcap_findalldevs_ex(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, NULL, &alldevs, errbuf) == -1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error in pcap_findalldevs: %s\n", errbuf);
        exit(1);
    }
    
    /* 打印列表 */
    for(d=alldevs; d; d=d->next)
    {
        printf("%d. %s", ++i, d->name);
        if (d->description)
            printf(" (%s)\n", d->description);
        else
            printf(" (No description available)\n");
    }

    if(i==0)
    {
        printf("\nNo interfaces found! Make sure WinPcap is installed.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    printf("Enter the interface number (1-%d):",i);
    scanf_s("%d", &inum);
    
    if(inum < 1 || inum > i)
    {
        printf("\nInterface number out of range.\n");
        /* 释放设备列表 */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }

    /* 跳转到已选设备 */
    for(d=alldevs, i=0; i< inum-1 ;d=d->next, i++);
    
    /* 打开适配器 */
    if ( (adhandle= pcap_open(d->name,  // 设备名
                             65536,     // 要捕捉的数据包的部分 
                                        // 65535保证能捕获到不同数据链路层上的每个数据包的全部内容
                             PCAP_OPENFLAG_PROMISCUOUS,         // 混杂模式
                             1000,      // 读取超时时间
                             NULL,      // 远程机器验证
                             errbuf     // 错误缓冲池
                             ) ) == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nUnable to open the adapter. %s is not supported by WinPcap\n");
        /* 释放设备列表 */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }
    
    /* 检查数据链路层，为了简单，我们只考虑以太网 */
    if(pcap_datalink(adhandle) != DLT_EN10MB)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nThis program works only on Ethernet networks.\n");
        /* 释放设备列表 */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }
    
    if(d->addresses != NULL)
        /* 获得接口第一个地址的掩码 */
        netmask=((struct sockaddr_in *)(d->addresses->netmask))->sin_addr.S_un.S_addr;
    else
        /* 如果接口没有地址，那么我们假设一个C类的掩码 */
        netmask=0xffffff; 


    //编译过滤器
    if (pcap_compile(adhandle, &fcode, packet_filter, 1, netmask) <0 )
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nUnable to compile the packet filter. Check the syntax.\n");
        /* 释放设备列表 */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }
    
    //设置过滤器
    if (pcap_setfilter(adhandle, &fcode)<0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nError setting the filter.\n");
        /* 释放设备列表 */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }
    
    printf("\nlistening on %s...\n", d->description);
    
    /* 释放设备列表 */
    pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
    
    /* 开始捕捉 */
    pcap_loop(adhandle, 0, packet_handler, NULL);
    
    return 0;
}

/* 回调函数，当收到每一个数据包时会被libpcap所调用 */
void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data)
{
    struct tm ltime;
    char timestr[16];
    ip_header *ih;
    udp_header *uh;
    u_int ip_len;
    u_short sport,dport;
    time_t local_tv_sec;

    /*
     * Unused variable
     */
    (VOID)(param);

    /* 将时间戳转换成可识别的格式 */
    local_tv_sec = header->ts.tv_sec;
    localtime_s(&ltime, &local_tv_sec);
    strftime( timestr, sizeof timestr, "%H:%M:%S", &ltime);

    /* 打印数据包的时间戳和长度 */
    printf("%s.%.6d len:%d ", timestr, header->ts.tv_usec, header->len);

    /* 获得IP数据包头部的位置 */
    ih = (ip_header *) (pkt_data +
        14); //以太网头部长度

    /* 获得UDP首部的位置 */
    ip_len = (ih->ver_ihl & 0xf) * 4;
    uh = (udp_header *) ((u_char*)ih + ip_len);

    /* 将网络字节序列转换成主机字节序列 */
    sport = ntohs( uh->sport );
    dport = ntohs( uh->dport );

    /* 打印IP地址和UDP端口 */
    printf("%d.%d.%d.%d.%d -> %d.%d.%d.%d.%d\n",
        ih->saddr.byte1,
        ih->saddr.byte2,
        ih->saddr.byte3,
        ih->saddr.byte4,
        sport,
        ih->daddr.byte1,
        ih->daddr.byte2,
        ih->daddr.byte3,
        ih->daddr.byte4,
        dport);
}